"GREGOR MENDEL: PLANTING THE SEEDS OF GENETICS” OPENING AT NATIONAL MUSEUM OF HEALTH AND MEDICINE
WASHINGTON— The life and work of 19th-century friar Gregor Mendel, a former high school teacher whose experiments were ignored by the scientific community for decades, is featured in “Gregor Mendel: Planting the Seeds of Genetics” on display at the National Museum of Health and Medicine April 28 through Sept. 16, 2007.
For eight years Mendel grew generation after generation of pea plants and carefully observed the results. Over the course of these experiments, Mendel grew an estimated 28,000 pea plants and counted some 300,000 peas.
In 1865, Mendel reported the results of plant hybridizing experiments and laid out the basic laws of inheritance—offering a tentative but insightful sketch of how physical traits are passed from one generation to the next. This ground-breaking work was ignored until the turn of the century, when it was rediscovered and confirmed by Since then, Mendel has come to be recognized as the father of genetics, although the history of how he accomplished that remains relatively unknown today.
The approximately 100-artifact exhibition traces the rise of genetics through its major milestones—from the discovery of chromosomes to the famous DNA model of James Watson and Francis Crick. While very few of Mendel’s papers or personal possessions were kept, his botanical specimens, scientific instruments, photographs, correspondence, original manuscripts, journal, books and gardening tools are on display.
Life-size photo murals of the Abbey library where Mendel studied, the Columbia University Fly Room where Thomas H. Morgan investigated the genetics of fruit flies in the early 1900s and a modern DNA lab illustrate the changes in the scientific environment over the last 150 years.
The exhibition’s “Modern Mendels” provides insight on contemporary scientists who use Mendel’s findings and their knowledge of genetics to learn about the world around them. This research includes applying genetics in crop cultivation; studying origins and ancestry; mapping genomes; and solving new mysteries of heredity.
“Without Mendel’s discoveries, evolutionary biology wouldn’t have its foundation. Although we use more sophisticated tools and analyses, we are still applying Mendel’s ideas to today’s genetic research,” said Kevin Feldheim, manager of The Field Museum’s Pritzker Laboratory for Molecular Systematics and Evolution.
In addition, the exhibition incorporates five videos and ten hands-on interactives to make the fundamentals of genetics accessible to everyone. Visitors can recreate the steps of Mendel’s experiment; identify dominant and recessive traits on themselves; look through a microscope to compare what scientists were able to see at different points in history; and analyze DNA sequences like modern-day scientists.
A highly unusual and innovative feature of this exhibition is the integration of contemporary works of art that explore the subjects of genetics. Featured pieces include artist Susan Derges’ series of photographs entitled “Vessel,” which captures the development of frogs—from eggs to tadpoles to maturity—and Christine Borland’s “A Treasury of Human Inheritance, Entres case,” a mobile made of polished agate stones representing five generations of the Entres family, which had various symptoms of Huntington Disease. Each agate section is unique in its configuration of crystals and rings, and the overall pattern represents various symptoms of the condition.
“We are excited to be hosting ‘Gregor Mendel: Planting the Seeds of Genetics’ as the first stop on its national tour,” said Adrianne Noe, Ph.D., the museum’s director. “It provides an opportunity for visitors to understand the basics of heredity and the genetics of disease. It also helps broaden our knowledge of the history surrounding modern evolutionary biology.”
This exhibition and its national tour were developed by The Field Museum, Chicago, in partnership with the Vereinigung zur Förderung der Genomforschung, Vienna, Austria, and The Mendel Museum, Brno, Czech Republic.
The Field Museum was founded in 1893 as the Columbian Museum of Chicago to house the biological and anthropological collections assembled for the World's Columbian Exposition. These objects form the core of the museum's collections, which have grown through world-wide expeditions, exchange, purchase, and gifts to more than 20 million specimens. The museum also houses a world-class natural history library of more than 250,000 volumes.
The Vereinigung zur Förderung der Genomforschung is a charitable society founded in Vienna in 2000 to support genetic research and to encourage constructive dialogue between scientists and members of the public. Its Brno Initiative is to develop part of the Abbey where Gregor Mendel lived and worked as a center for scientific discovery, communication and education—now known as The Mendel Museum.
The exhibition debuted at The Field Museum, Chicago, before embarking on its national tour. After closing at the National Museum of Health and Medicine, its tour will continue to Columbus, Ohio, Memphis, Tenn., and Philadelphia.
National Museum of Health and Medicine
The National Museum of Health and Medicine was established in 1862 when U.S. Army Brig. Gen. William Alexander Hammond, the U.S. Army Surgeon General, issued orders that directed all Union Army medical officers "to collect, and to forward to the office of the Surgeon General all specimens of morbid anatomy, surgical or medical, which may be regarded as valuable; together with projectiles and foreign bodies removed, and such other matters as may prove of interest in the study of military medicine or surgery."
The museum's more than 24 million specimens and artifacts were the first in the country to be registered by the U.S. Department of the Interior as a National Historic Landmark and it is the only museum collection in Washington, D.C. with this status. The Secretary of the Interior, who has designated less than 2,500 districts, sites, buildings, and structures for listing in the National Register, selected the museum's collection because of its "exceptional value in commemorating and illustrating the history of the United States."
Today, the museum is an element of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, a tri-service Army, Navy, and Air Force agency of the Department of Defense with a threefold mission of consultation, education, and research.
The museum is open every day except Dec. 25 from 10 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. It is located at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, 6900 Georgia Ave. and Elder Street, NW, Washington, D.C. More information can be found on the web site at
www.nmhm.washingtondc.museum or call (202) 782-2200. Admission and parking are free.
Related Links
www.nmhm.washingtondc.museum
www.fieldmuseum.org/mendel
www.mendel-museum.org
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